OCEAN OF KNOWLEDGE

Agent that include mutation are known as MUTAGENS. Mutagen may be different kind of radiation certain chemical . the different mutagen maybe group as follow          1. Physical mutagen                 A. Ionizing radiation                       i) particulate radiation that include x-ray, gamma ray,beta Ray etc                      ii) non particulate radiation                             B.  Nonionizing radiation i.e                                           ultraviolet radiation         2. Chemical mutagens              A. Alkylating agent- i.e sulphur mustards, nitr...

    INTRODUCTION OF PLANT BREEDING  The agricultural food production in India had increased from merely 50.82 million tonnes- in 1950-51 to 252.53 million tonnes in 2015-16. This represents an increase of over 397%during period of 57 years. During this period, there was an increase of 27.87% in the cultivated area, while yield per hectare increased by 255%. As a result, the nation became almost self-sufficient food grains. But the population in India is growing at an alarming rate of around 2.5 per cent Def year. This makes it necessary that the food grain production should also increase at least at effect  same rate or even at a faster rate to improve the nutritional status of masses. The above increase In yield resulted from increased quantum and better management of inputs, such as fertilizers, irrigation water, plant protection and cultural practices, and from improved crop varieties. It is doubtful that the net cropped area can be increased indefinitely, but the...

              MUTATION INDUCTION                                                                                         To artificially induce hereditary changes in plants, either physical or chemical agents are used. Ionizing radiation is a widely used physical agent to treat the seeds and other plant material of crops to create heritable mutations. Natural means to induce genetic diversity have been exploited for many millennia to improve major food crops. However, the frequency of such mutations is insufficient to meet current needs. One of the most important breakthroughs in the history of genetics was the discovery that mutations can be induced by physical and chemical mutagens (agents that change the genetic material of an o...